Actinic Keratosis

Understanding Actinic Keratosis: Causes, Treatments, and Next Steps

What is Actinic Keratosis?

Actinic keratosis (AK) is a precancerous skin condition characterized by rough, scaly patches that develop due to prolonged sun exposure. These lesions typically appear on sun-exposed areas such as the face, scalp, ears, hands, and arms. While AK itself is not skin cancer, it has the potential to develop into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) if left untreated.

What Causes Actinic Keratosis?

The primary cause of keratosis is long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds. Other contributing factors include:

• Fair skin: Individuals with lighter skin tones, freckles, or a history of sunburns are at higher risk.
• Age: AK is more common in adults over 40 due to cumulative sun exposure.
• Weakened immune system: People with weakened immunity, such as organ transplant recipients, have a higher risk of developing AK.

How is Actinic Keratosis Treated?

Early treatment is essential to prevent progression to skin cancer. Treatment options include:

• Cryotherapy: Freezing the lesion with liquid nitrogen to destroy abnormal cells.
• Topical Medications: Prescription creams such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or imiquimod help remove abnormal cells over time.
• Photodynamic Therapy (PDT): A light-activated treatment that targets and destroys precancerous cells.
• Curettage & Electrosurgery: Scraping off the lesion followed by cauterization to remove damaged tissue.
• Regular Skin Monitoring: Ongoing dermatologic check-ups to detect and treat new or recurring lesions early.

Schedule an Appointment with CutisCo Dermatology

If you have rough, scaly patches on sun-exposed areas or a history of sun damage, early evaluation is key to preventing skin cancer. Schedule an appointment with a CutisCo Dermatology provider for a professional skin exam and personalized treatment plan.